Online revision


I was recently contacted by a teacher who was looking for my opinion on the place of online revision in school.  My initial response is below.

What do you feel is the role of education in technology?

Actually, I think this question is arranged opposite what I expected.  For me, educational objectives always drive the use of technology.  Technology itself doesn’t sit “outside” education.  One of Mishra and Koehler’s arguments in their chapter on “Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge“, a framework for understanding the place of technology in education, is that the word ‘technology’ can be applied to almost any tool used by a teacher to impart knowledge or lead students through the process of understanding.

Given that idea, I think the role of education (or pedagogical content knowledge) in technology is that it informs a few things:

  • A clear understanding of the goals of the course and lesson constrain which tools are chosen.
  • Time constraints demand that the technology chosen be dependable enough to recede into the background, so that it does not distract from the learning process.
  • Cultural goals (the creation of a civil, literate, compassionate society, for example) drive educators to engage students using tech tools and experiences that are familiar to them, not because of the technologies per se, but because teachers have always used relevant examples in order to lead students to more transcendent understandings.

Do you feel that online writing instruction could be as effective as the traditional classroom?

I think we need to decide whether we’re talking about online-only instruction or an augmented, blended writing instruction.  The U.S. Department of Education released a report in May of 2010 that was a meta-analysis of online learning studies.  These reports tended to view online instruction and face-to-face instruction as equals, but the interesting piece was the marked difference in the achievement of students who had a blended learning experience, where face-to-face work was augmented through online follow-up.  I have heard of (though not yet seen), additional studies that support the efficacy of a blended approach and rate online-only solutions below face-to-face.  Either way, it seems the growing consensus is that a “traditional” approach alone is not helping students nearly as much as a blended approach to learning.

Do you feel that online revisions can be as helpful as revisions face to face (pen, paper, and conversation?)

Research has shown that it’s difficult to negotiate meaning through text alone.   It’s something that most of us know anyway, if we’ve ever hit the send button a bit too quickly, but I don’t think this negates online revisions as helpful.  On the contrary, I think posting work online allows more revision opportunities, and Google has even upgraded their commenting features to accommodate negotiation more easily.  With on-demand revision opportunities, a creator could see an increase in the number of comments as well as an increase in the depth of those revision suggestions.  Since I, as a reviewer, have a longer time to respond to the text, it’s quite possible I’ll think of a better solution a number of hours later than our original face-to-face conversation.

That said, I don’t think online revisions replace face-to-face interactions.  There’s just too much about the human experience (especially the adolescent human experience) that needs as many other “referential anchors” as possible.

What are the advantages of online revision?

Addressed to some degree above.  Here’s a list:

    • Number of possible reviewers increase when a work is published online
    • Reviewers can access a work at times convenient to them, which improves the probability that comments will be contributed
    • Comments may be more in-depth, given that reviewers have more than one chance to view a work
    • Revisions are visible (at least in Google Docs), and accessible for review as the work progresses

What are the disadvantages of online revision?

Also somewhat addressed above.  A list:

    • Only one channel of communication – text – and it’s without tone, so negotiation of meaning is tough
    • The back and forth communication of creator and reviewer often accomplishes clarity in much less time than online revision

For me, the upshot of thinking through this is a deeper commitment to a blended solution for kids.   I don’t think we’ll run out of need for physical, face-to-face teaching.  But I don’t think we can somehow discount that a portion of all of our lives is now online – for good or ill.  Bringing that into the classroom – with all it’s problems as well as its benefits – is just a part of being teachers in the year 2011.

 

TPACK and focusing on the learner


Late last year I stumbled upon Mishra and Koehler‘s work with the TPACK framework, and wrote about my initial thoughts. Life gets busy and I haven’t been able to get back to the TPACK handbook, but the framework hasn’t been too far from my thoughts. I’ve described my own job as a tech integration specialist in terms of the framework for tech commitees to which I belong and even designed a subject specific professional development session around it.

One point in particular has been nettling my mind: the idea that the framework speaks more to teachers than to students. Originally raised by a curriculum coordinator here, and relayed to me in a conversation with another fellow TIS, Bill Bass, I think the point has merit. Where is the Learner in this framework? Is the implication (that students learn) enough?

One the way to work this morning, this idea popped into my head:

TPACK for learners

What if the “Pedagogy” circle described learning practices rather than teaching strategies? In a recent EdTechWeekly episode, Dave Cormier observed:

“If you are the sort of person who wants other people to tell you what you need to learn, you’re going to be in a lot of trouble. If you are the type of person who will recognize your own needs and adapt your learning accordingly, you will see success.”

 

I could see benefits to interpreting the “P” to include the individual’s abilities to recognize needs, acquire and then apply learning strategies. In a sense, this method invests learners with the locus of control, rather than the teachers.

Thoughts?

Google Voice and blogging


I’ve been thinking about how to maximize my time … in many ways.  One of those has been my drive to work.  At the moment, it’s been a great time to reflect, but I can’t archive those thoughts in a way that’s meaningful to me.  By the time I reach school I’m thinking about my day ahead and what needs to be done.  I’ve lost those reflective thoughts and, most of the time, I can’t get them back.

With a nod to Kevin Honeycutt’s Driving Questions podcast, I’ve been looking around for ways to make that drive time meaningful.  I think I’ve found one way — the transcription service embedded within my Google Voice account.  If I get time, I’ll write a bit more about this later, but for now, here’s my first “memo” to myself, embedded below:

And the transcript:

Trying out the voicemail feature voice and thinking about using it as a way to virtually were right new blog post about ideas that I have in things that I’d like totry, so let’s see how this works.”

Not perfect, but something I can use as a rough draft.  I’m excited to see how it may impact my content production.  We’ll see.

Thanks again, Google, for creating such a great service and kudos to the guys on the forums who pointed me to this solution!   Now I’m only waiting for that Wave invite …


Wordle


So … Wordle.

This little app has been used to valuable effect by comm arts teachers in the middle school I serve and I just found a great post by Samantha Lunn (thanks @senorG) about 23 ways it could be incorporated into the modern foreign language curriculum.

One of her ideas was to grab the RSS of a news feed and watch how the words change from time to time, talking about those ideas in the target language.  A great thought.  But I taught Latin.  How would I use this?

One way would be to pull out important vocabulary words from a difficult passage, or, as we often read from different “readers” with texts collected from many different writers, it would be an enlightening exercise to pull the passages from each author through the Wordle process to see what vocab each author preferred.  Displaying this information from the beginning could give students a flavor of each writer, something that would be deepened as the students got a sense of grammatical style, topical interests, etc.  It might also be a good starting point for vocabulary building.

But what about that feed element?  How could I use this with an ancient language?  Thankfully, there’s at least one person using Twitter  in latinam linguam.  Here’s a Wordle of her feed below.  I’m looking forward to seeing it grow and change, but I’m hesitant to publicize whose feed it is.   My hesitancy comes from the position of someone for whom writing in the Latin language is not easy.

Latin Twitter feed, Wordle Style

What sort of assessment would it be for us to have students writing in Latin, in Twitter, and seeing a Wordle of their own change over time?  It seems challenging, but strangely motivational.  I think my Wordle would look much like the one above (lots of hodie for me too (‘today’ to the non-Latini out there)), but if I was contributing to a formative assessment like Wordle, I think I’d be more likely to vary my vocabulary and drive that ‘hodie’ down a bit, inserting richer vocabulary words as I learned them.

Obviously, I wouldn’t be using Twitter as it’s intended, but the possibilities are intriguing.  Oh, and one more bit of thanks to @teachpaperless for the work he’s doing with students and Twitter.  It’s because of his current approach to teaching that my mind was on how to use these two tools together.   If anybody out there gives this a shot, let me know.  I’d love to see your Wordles.

Skype in the Classroom


File:Skype bw.png

A few interesting links about using Skype in your classroom:

  • What is Skype? — explanation provided by a digital literacy class exploring the possibilities of Web 2.0 technologies
  • What’s been done with Skype?
    • 5th grade class in NY connects with the world and shares their experiences
    • 4th grade class in Hannibal, MO learns Spanish while ESOL student learns English, plays math games with another class across the US, and keeps up a long-distance connection with classroom in England
    • PE teacher in Australia invites expert dietitian to talk with students about making healthy choices
    • technology teacher shares Aussie customs with classroom in Russia, ends up on Russian TV
  • How can I find people with whom I can Skype?
    • Ask.  You may be surprised at who says yes.  Contact an old professor, a colleague in another district, someone you meet at a conference, almost anyone who can get to a computer.  If you’re hesitant because of the setup, drop a note to your local, friendly educational tech support person.
    • Participate in a social network, like Classroom 2.0 or ePals, and start a thread requesting to start a collaborative connection (like this one).
    • Visit one of these sites:
      • Skype in Schools : a directory of people across the US who are interested in connecting with others
      • Skype in the Classroom: a place to peruse the “want ads” of Skyping educators.  Add your name to the list by adding a comment.
    • Send a note to this gal in Australia, who wants to contact 80 countries over the next year.  She should have some international contacts soon!

———————————————
Update (1/5/09):

As I’ve been thinking about this topic again, I’d like to update this page with a few more ideas and links:

1)  Small features, big impact:  Some of the features of Skype I left off above compromise a large part of what makes Skype my tool of choice (besides the fact that it’s the only district-approved IM client).  I’ve often used:

  • the ‘Send File’ feature to quickly transfer files to my colleagues
  • the ‘Share your screen’ feature to compliment video conferences I’m doing or to illustrate a set of steps to a teacher or colleague
  • the IM feature to ask brief questions

2)  A big idea behind the effectiveness of Skype is that of a purposeful, authentic audience.  The best Skype projects I’ve seen have been those that include a meaningful context.  In one notable example, two Spanish teachers, one at the middle school and one at the high school, managed to have time where upper-level Spanish 5 students had common time with incoming 8th grade students.

These teachers used the opportunity of overlapping time to host a “Get to know West High” session, where the senior students created engaging skits that would introduce the next year’s freshmen to life in high school — all in the target language.  The highlight of the time was a “live interview”, in Spanish, with the 8th graders’ future principal.

3) Skype isn’t the only player in the voice over IP (VOIP) world.  Other web-based technologies (which don’t involve an install) are cropping up.

Thanks to Jim Sarris, a Spanish teacher in New York, one of the Spanish teachers in my district has been able to allow her students to talk one on one with students from Mexico, practicing their Spanish with native speakers through a website called Tokbox.

Richard Byrne recently wrote a great post on other sites that are springing up to make video conference even more accessible to the classroom.

image courtesy of DBGthekafu

Blurring the line …


Before the read/write web, relationships were face-to-face or through tangible media (i.e. letters).   Connections were built and maintained through avenues bound up in the physical world.  Not so today …

I’ve heard 3 stories from teachers in my district I’d like to share in this post.  2 of them are posts on blogs, so I’ll summarize and trust that readers can follow up for themselves.  Let’s start with a conversation I had in the face-to-face world first, a new spin on the “expert” relationship.

In the world before a participatory internet, people relied on “experts,” set apart by their degrees or personal experience, for recommendations of books, plays, TV shows, etc.  But now, if I buy a book or an iPod or anything else on a site like Amazon, one of the first things I do is drill down to the user reviews.  I prefer products that have lots of comments, and I always read the top few that other users have rated as “helpful.”  These people may not be experts, but they’ve got some experience with the product (which is more than I have at that moment).

So, what if we bring the power of gaining “expert” status to bear as motivation for student writing?  That’s just the idea of one 1st-year teacher at the middle school I serve.  In the next few months his hope is to have students write book reviews, which will then be posted to Amazon, and have them track their review to see if it becomes one of the top rated.  How powerful is that!  These students will be connected to the world, and paying close attention to their writing!

Concerning the impact of well-coached blogging with secondary students, check out this story of how a blog broke down barriers within a high-school English class.

And be sure to read these two posts (1, 2) about how blogging with elementary students brought one kid, who felt like he wasn’t a member of the classroom community, back into conversation with his peers (and back to school).

These examples illustrate, to me, the power of the new net.  The idea that, in the face to face world, esteem can be fostered, conversation can be created, and compassion can be felt — all from interactions online — compels me to believe that what we do as educators with these new techologies is critical to engaging and preparing our students to excel as citizens of the 21st century.

Blogging as a ‘bell-ringer’


I used the post directly before this to test something out: what would a pre-writing exercise do for a typical training session?

One of my challenges is to find a balance between ‘training’ and ‘development.’  In my line of work I get to do a number of training sessions with teachers.  I really enjoy these — there’s a sense of immediate gratification that comes from explaining how something works and seeing people go away with a better sense of what’s possible.  What I also realize is that many teachers come to a training session with an idea that this application provides more than just “push button ‘x’ and something cool happens.”  They come to move beyond the software because they’re teachers and they’re interested in impacting kids.

So, at my latest training, I wanted to get some of those broader, motivating factors on paper, or, at least, on digital paper.  I had participants view a couple of movies and then reflect on what the creation of movies could offer their teaching and their students’ learning.  Looking over the comments, I was intrigued to find reoccurring themes of engagement, participation, and creation.  I’ve heard and read about how constructivism blends well with technology, and the themes embedded in the responses seem to support that blend.  Teachers, at least these teachers, are interested in creating opportunities for students to drive their own learning.

On a procedural level, I was pleased with how using a blog could archive these frames of reference and help me in my reflection process.  From here, I’d like to try the experiment again and get opinions from the participants as to whether they see value in the exercise.

If it’s valuable for all involved, I’ll make it a standard part of my training approach.

Who's the bully now?


This past month I had the privilege of listening to Kevin Honeycutt, a noted speaker and educator who works for an educational professional development company in Kansas.  I heard him speak both on internet safety and the importance of building a personal learning network.  I’d like to devote this post to one element of internet safety he brought up — the retaliatory ‘cyberbully.’ 
      
Last year, as I was speaking to 7th and 8th graders about being personally safe online and also creating safe spaces for others (being a responsible ‘cybercitizen’), the tragic story of Megan Meier was just unfolding.  Even this year, as I speak again to 7th graders, that story comes up as the first one they share as influencing their own interactions online. 
       
Around that time, I read this article by Kim Zetter on how the name of Megan’s bully was leaked to the ‘blogosphere’.  In it, Zetter observed how the justly indignant public took action against the person whom the law could not prosecute.  Those actions, however, soon turned ugly, and the once-tormentor now became the object of police protection, due to the amount and degree of threats being leveled against her. Zetter includes a few other examples of what one of her sources called an “online mob.”  A notable one was this:

Speaking of one of her sources, she writes,

Solove isn’t surprised. He points to a story two years ago about a man whose camera phone was stolen from his unlocked car. The apparent thief took pictures of himself and friends, which automatically uploaded to the camera owner’s Sprint web account. The owner discovered the thief’s name and posted it online with the photos. Netizens superimposed the thief’s picture onto pornographic images and posted racist remarks about him. After a Wired News story revealed that the alleged thief was 16 and that his mother claimed she’d bought the camera from a street seller, Solove says the owner regretted the fury he’d unleashed and asked the online mob to back off. Instead, the mob turned on him.”     

 

The anonymity of the net can give rise to a place where the kid who was picked on, especially one who is ‘tech-savvy,’ can blast his persecutors in ways that will haunt them for a long time to come.  But is this vigilante justice how we want kids to participate in this new web-centered world?  Are we, as adults, modeling self-restraint by investigating all the incendiary information we hear from our media sources?  Before we respond? 
        

How will we teach kids to direct their bruised emotions (and sometimes persons) towards other avenues of action?  Bullying must be dealt with, and forcefully.  However, I think we compromise something if we retaliate ‘in kind.’  I don’t have answers, and would appreciate your comments. 
               

 

 

Informing Instruction Informally


Senteo Last week I promised a few people that, in honor of the grading period, I would post some comments on assessment.  Instead of blogging that weekend, however, I worked late into the night on a few occasions in order to get our kitchen sink and faucet installed.  No more washing dishes in buckets!  So, in honor of a working kitchen sink (with no leaks), I’ll be blogging today about a few assessment techniques I’ve heard about and used over the last few months.  

 In general, I am most excited, as a teacher, about informal, formative ways to get some feedback.  When I was in the classroom, most of these took the form of quick, impromptu “fist of five” check-ins or “exit slips” students would turn in as they went out the door.  ”Formative assessment” was a double-sided coin, I found.  On the one hand, I often got a good sense of which concepts were giving my students the most trouble.  On the other hand, though, addressing those needs meant slowing down my instruction and differentiating for those learners who had a fine grasp of the material and wanted to move on.  I’ll address the one side in this post, but feel free to share your thoughts on the flip side in the comments below!  

 Over the past few weeks, I’ve heard at least one interesting “low-tech” formative assessment, and I’ve been experimenting with some “tech” tools that can quickly gather data useful to informing our instruction.  First the “low-tech”:  This technique is courtesy of Peggy Dersch, STAR teacher for Missouri and formerly debate teacher at Parkway West High.

  • Hand out your 4 or 5 question survey and ask students to take it.
  • Then ask all the students to wad up the surveys and throw them into a pile in the center of the room.
  • Instruct students to then plunge into the pile and retrieve a survey (not their own).
  • Create a “human bar graph” for each question by having students group according to the answers they find on the survey in their hands. 

 Isn’t that a great idea?  Anonymity is preserved, students get up and moving, and everyone sees where the class “shakes out” as a whole.  Sometimes I’d want to drill down that data, though, to find out exactly who are the students who really need the help.  To do that, one tool that’s making its way into our district can really help.

 

Smart Technology’s “Senteo System” gathers and displays anonymous data, just like the activity above, but it keeps students’ names attached to their answers.  Even if their peers don’t see those mistakes, you do.  For me, that’s a distinct benefit, especially if I want to, say, give a pre-test for my unit to see what parts I really need to hit.  I wouldn’t want to embarrass anyone in reviewing those questions with students, and Senteo keeps all those names in the “back end” of the program.  

 Another great benefit of the Senteo is its flexibility: I don’t have to prepare a quiz in order to get feedback.  If I’m in the midst of a lesson and start seeing glassy eyes and vacant stares, I can drop in question and ask for students to respond on the spot.  I still get a neat graphical display of the answers and I’ve hooked the kids back in by requiring their participation.

 

 The final tool that I’ve been using quite a lot is a relatively new addition to Google Docs, an online office suite.  “Google Forms” allows you to create a free online survey.  But why use this over other services like “Free Online Survey,” “Survey Monkey,” etc.?  What I like about it is that you get to keep the data. 

 All of the responses are dropped into a Google spreadsheet.  That spreadsheet can be exported to Microsoft Excel and sorted as you wish.  Currently, I’m using a Google Form to gather data about a variety of software applications from teachers at Parkway West High.  My plan is to sort that data according to department and develop content-focused professional development.  In the classroom, I think this would best fit situations when you want to gather survey data about your students – likes and dislikes, course evaluations, access to certain resources, etc.

 So, whether using tech or not, I’m excited to get a better idea of where my students are at.  These tools hold some exciting opportunities to get that information and use it to effectively change our instruction.

 

Working tech into a focused professional development model


A mindmap in development:


Tech and Professional Development – a mindmap

Your comments welcomed and appreciated. Can technology be partitioned in this way? If teachers focus on one (or two) steps at a time, will this improve their instructional practice?